Where they migrate to the bone marrow and begin generating new blood cells Priority Medical Diagnosis Sickle Cell Disease POTENTIAL COMPLICATIONS Pain crisis Splenic Sequestration Damage the heart, brain, lungs, kidney, spleen, and other organs of the body Jaundice Wounds that won’t heal Death NURSING CARE/ INTERVENTIONS/EDUCATION (As Related to the Top Three Nursing Diagnoses) Symptoms healthy donor stem cells are injected IV into the bloodstream, Helping to relieve anemia Bone marrow transplant – not as common unless the patient has significant Blood transfusions - they increase the number of normal RBCs in circulation, Keeping children UTD on all vaccines to help prevent infection Hydroxyurea (Droxia, Hydrea) – daily medication that works for some sickleĬell patients stimulates production of fetal hemoglobin Penicillin when they're about 2 months old and continue taking it until they'reĪt least 5 years old (because they have most vaccines by then) Antibiotics - children with sickle cell may begin taking the antibiotic
Advise the patient to drink lots of water to stay hydrated – this helps prevent Pain-relieving medications - to relieve pain during a sickle cell crisis There is no cure, just management options PAST MEDICAL HISTORY: Related to Primary Diagnosis TREATMENT & RATIONALE Maternal-child nursing care with women’s health companion As a result, a sickle cell survives about 20 days, whereas a normal RBC lives up to 120 days.Īckley, B. Sickled RBCs can appear normal in shape after the blood oxygen level is normalized, however the damage is not Triggered by things such as stress, high altitudes, extreme hot and cold, and most commonly, dehydration. This causes extreme pain for the patient, due to the anoxia in the tissue. The sickle cells also cannot pass through the person’sĬapillaries (especially the really small ones in their hands and feet) which causes them to clump together and cause
These abnormally shaped cellsĭo not hold enough oxygen to sustain what the body needs. Hemoglobin, which is supposed to be round in shape, becomes a sickle or C-shape. The hemoglobin that’s left (called HbS) has abnormal properties. These mutations cause the 6th amino acid toīe changed from glutamic acid to valine. Sickle cell disease is caused by several mutations in the β-globin gene. In the US, most people who have sickle cell disease are of Africanĭescent, but the condition is also common in those with a Hispanic background. Have an abnormal protein in their red blood cells. Sickle cell disease is an inherited red blood cell disorder (autosomal recessive). SIGNS & SYMPTOMS Fatigue and anemia Pain Dactylitis (swelling and inflammation of the hands and/or feet) and arthritis Bacterial infections Sudden pooling of blood in the spleen and liver congestion Lung and heart injury Leg ulcers Aseptic necrosis and bone infarcts (death of portions of bone) Dark urine Stunted growth Stroke Eye damage PATHO: Describe the Patient Condition
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